A bee with flower...
A green plant...
Thursday, March 19, 2009
Sunday, March 8, 2009
Night View...
Muar...bridge is so beautiful.....
Is a nice place...only for muar...
A masjid opposite the muar river......
Sunday, February 8, 2009
Common Terms In Digital Photography
· 8 MP camera
A camera capable of shooting an image measuring eight million pixels in size.
· Pixels
A contraction of the term "Picture Element". It is the smallest element of a digital image, a single "dot" of light or ink.
· Pixel Count
The number of pixels that go into making each image. The higher the pixel count the more realistic an image is likely to appear.
· Mega pixels
A measurement of digital photo quality. A one-mega pixel image is made up of one million pixels.
· PPI
An acronym for "pixels per inch", and is used to describe an element in picture quality. The higher the number of pixels displayed per inch, the better the picture will appear to the human eye and the less easily viewers will notice individual pixels.
· Sensor
The digital strip within the camera that converts incoming light into an electrical signal. It performs the role of "re-useable negative" within a digital camera.
· Shutter Speed
The duration for which the camera's aperture is opened, thereby allowing light to stream in. Longer shutter speeds leave the aperture open longer, letting more light in and resulting in more exposure.
· Aperture
The opening behind the lens that permits light to travel to the camera's interior where the sensor is located.
· Digital zoom
The process of digitally enlarging a portion of the picture. This function is performed within the electronics of the digital camera without any physical adjustment of the lenses, and results in a loss of picture quality.
· Optical Zoom
As opposed to digital zoom, this is the process of changing the focal length and magnification of the lens physically, without altering the quality of the recorded digital image. Superior to digital zoom.
· White Balance
Human eyes compensate for lighting conditions with different colours of light. A digital camera, however, requires a reference point that represents white. It then calculates all other colours based upon this setting.
· Memory
The electronic storage space built into digital cameras for the purpose of storing pictures.
· RAW/NEF
The uncompressed image as shot by a digital camera. Canon introduced the RAW picture format, while Nikon calls this format NEF.
· JPEG
The term used to describe a type of digital compression used for digital images. This particular compression ratio was fixed by the Joint Photo Experts Group to reduce the picture size. This reduction, however, results in considerable loss of picture quality.
· TIFF
An acronym for "Tagged Image File Format". While there is no loss of information in this format, the resulting file sizes are also very large.
A camera capable of shooting an image measuring eight million pixels in size.
· Pixels
A contraction of the term "Picture Element". It is the smallest element of a digital image, a single "dot" of light or ink.
· Pixel Count
The number of pixels that go into making each image. The higher the pixel count the more realistic an image is likely to appear.
· Mega pixels
A measurement of digital photo quality. A one-mega pixel image is made up of one million pixels.
· PPI
An acronym for "pixels per inch", and is used to describe an element in picture quality. The higher the number of pixels displayed per inch, the better the picture will appear to the human eye and the less easily viewers will notice individual pixels.
· Sensor
The digital strip within the camera that converts incoming light into an electrical signal. It performs the role of "re-useable negative" within a digital camera.
· Shutter Speed
The duration for which the camera's aperture is opened, thereby allowing light to stream in. Longer shutter speeds leave the aperture open longer, letting more light in and resulting in more exposure.
· Aperture
The opening behind the lens that permits light to travel to the camera's interior where the sensor is located.
· Digital zoom
The process of digitally enlarging a portion of the picture. This function is performed within the electronics of the digital camera without any physical adjustment of the lenses, and results in a loss of picture quality.
· Optical Zoom
As opposed to digital zoom, this is the process of changing the focal length and magnification of the lens physically, without altering the quality of the recorded digital image. Superior to digital zoom.
· White Balance
Human eyes compensate for lighting conditions with different colours of light. A digital camera, however, requires a reference point that represents white. It then calculates all other colours based upon this setting.
· Memory
The electronic storage space built into digital cameras for the purpose of storing pictures.
· RAW/NEF
The uncompressed image as shot by a digital camera. Canon introduced the RAW picture format, while Nikon calls this format NEF.
· JPEG
The term used to describe a type of digital compression used for digital images. This particular compression ratio was fixed by the Joint Photo Experts Group to reduce the picture size. This reduction, however, results in considerable loss of picture quality.
· TIFF
An acronym for "Tagged Image File Format". While there is no loss of information in this format, the resulting file sizes are also very large.
Tips To Better Photography
· Take lots of pictures
With digital they don't cost you anything. Move around as you photograph to experiment and give yourself plenty of choice.
· Use All Your Available Space
Don't be afraid to use all the space in your photo. If you want to take a picture of something, it's ok for it to take up the whole shot with no or very little background showing. Keep distractions out of your shot.
· Study Forms
This is a vital aspect to photography. Understanding forms in your photos. Don't see an object, see its shape and its form and find the best angle to photograph it from. Form is all around us and I highly suggest you read as many books on it as possible.
· Motion In Your Photos
Never have motion in your photos if you are photographing a still object. If there is something moving while you are trying to photograph a stationery object, your photo won't turn out anywhere near as well. Also never put a horizon line in the centre of your frame.
· Learn To Use Contrasts Between Colours
Some of the best photos have shades of white, Gray and black. You can take great shots with just one colour on your subject, but the contrast between colours in a shot is what makes you a great photographer.
· Get Closer To Your Subject
This is one of the biggest mistakes most photographers make, not getting close enough to their subject. Get up and personal and close the distance gap. You can always reshape and resize a good shot but you can't continue to blow up a distant object.
· Shutter Lag
Shooting action shots with digital camera's can be tricky due to shutter lags. What this means is, when you press the button to take the photo, it can take up to a second for the shutter to take a photo, by that time what you were photographing would have moved or changed somehow. This means you have to compensate for shutter lag by predicting what your subject is going to do and taking the photo just before it takes the action you want. More expensive digital cameras don't have this problem.
*Reduce shutter lag by focusing beforehand and waiting for the moment.
*Reduce shutter lag by turning off any unnecessary automatic features such as red-eye reduction.
· Pan
If you are taking an action shot and your shutter speed is slow, pan with the object. Follow through with the subject, from start to finish and one of those shots will be a winner. You have more chance of getting a good shot if you take more then one photo.
· Continuous Shots
To pan like I suggested above you will need a camera that does continuous shots and doesn't need to stop and process after every shot.
· Learn Take Fantastic Night Time Shots
Night time shots can be spectacular, almost magical.... if done right! If not they can look horrible. Really horrible. Without adequate lighting, even good camera's can turn out crappy photos if the photographer doesn't know what he or she is doing.
· Study Your Manual
If your digital camera has a manual mode, read the manual and follow their instructions on how to use it properly. Take the picture using manual mode is fantastic.
With digital they don't cost you anything. Move around as you photograph to experiment and give yourself plenty of choice.
· Use All Your Available Space
Don't be afraid to use all the space in your photo. If you want to take a picture of something, it's ok for it to take up the whole shot with no or very little background showing. Keep distractions out of your shot.
· Study Forms
This is a vital aspect to photography. Understanding forms in your photos. Don't see an object, see its shape and its form and find the best angle to photograph it from. Form is all around us and I highly suggest you read as many books on it as possible.
· Motion In Your Photos
Never have motion in your photos if you are photographing a still object. If there is something moving while you are trying to photograph a stationery object, your photo won't turn out anywhere near as well. Also never put a horizon line in the centre of your frame.
· Learn To Use Contrasts Between Colours
Some of the best photos have shades of white, Gray and black. You can take great shots with just one colour on your subject, but the contrast between colours in a shot is what makes you a great photographer.
· Get Closer To Your Subject
This is one of the biggest mistakes most photographers make, not getting close enough to their subject. Get up and personal and close the distance gap. You can always reshape and resize a good shot but you can't continue to blow up a distant object.
· Shutter Lag
Shooting action shots with digital camera's can be tricky due to shutter lags. What this means is, when you press the button to take the photo, it can take up to a second for the shutter to take a photo, by that time what you were photographing would have moved or changed somehow. This means you have to compensate for shutter lag by predicting what your subject is going to do and taking the photo just before it takes the action you want. More expensive digital cameras don't have this problem.
*Reduce shutter lag by focusing beforehand and waiting for the moment.
*Reduce shutter lag by turning off any unnecessary automatic features such as red-eye reduction.
· Pan
If you are taking an action shot and your shutter speed is slow, pan with the object. Follow through with the subject, from start to finish and one of those shots will be a winner. You have more chance of getting a good shot if you take more then one photo.
· Continuous Shots
To pan like I suggested above you will need a camera that does continuous shots and doesn't need to stop and process after every shot.
· Learn Take Fantastic Night Time Shots
Night time shots can be spectacular, almost magical.... if done right! If not they can look horrible. Really horrible. Without adequate lighting, even good camera's can turn out crappy photos if the photographer doesn't know what he or she is doing.
· Study Your Manual
If your digital camera has a manual mode, read the manual and follow their instructions on how to use it properly. Take the picture using manual mode is fantastic.
What Camera Should I Buy?
· Introduction
I'd recommend one that you understand. Most any camera will take a good picture -- it's controlling the camera that is the problem. Look for a camera with the simplest layout of the features you need and, as with the stock market, only invest in what you understand.
Fundamentally, all cameras are the same and, given the same settings, a cheap camera will take the same photograph as an expensive camera. The extra money gets you improved image quality and more control over how the picture will look.
A camera is a box with a hole in it. You can make one -- called a "pinhole camera" -- using a shoe box with a window of transparent paper on one side and a small hole in the opposite side. Adding more controls, mainly to do with the lens, produces different types of cameras.
· Types
Disposable Camera
These one-time use cameras are easy to carry and take surprisingly good shots. They are great for people shots at parties. You can even get "underwater" cameras, for scuba diving or at a sandy beach.
Compact "Point-and-Shoot" Camera
Perfect for snapshots. I like a small, pocket-sized camera with a flash (for people's faces), a self-timer (to include myself in the shot), a wide-angle lens (28mm-equivalent for impact), and a panoramic mode (looks cool!). Most people seem to like a big, zoom lens, but I don't as I prefer "wide" shots over "tight" shots, and a bigger lens increases the size and weight of the camera.
SLR
This is the choice of semi-pro and professional travel photographers. The Single Lens Reflex feature -- which allows the viewfinder to look through the main lens instead of its own fixed lens -- allows you to remove and replace the lens. Interchangeable lenses give you more creative control of your shot. You can make a super-wide shot with a 'short' lens, or enlarge a very distant object with a 'long' lens. My favorite lens sizes are 28, 35, 50, 135, and 300mm. You can also control the aperture (the size of the hole) which allows you to decide what is, and what is not, in focus. The downside to the SLR is that you now have more equipment to buy and carry.
Medium- and Large-Format
These are big film cameras -- their size allows you to use larger film, producing a higher quality/resolution image. The equipment is large and heavy and, therefore, inconvenient for basic travel purposes.
I'd recommend one that you understand. Most any camera will take a good picture -- it's controlling the camera that is the problem. Look for a camera with the simplest layout of the features you need and, as with the stock market, only invest in what you understand.
Fundamentally, all cameras are the same and, given the same settings, a cheap camera will take the same photograph as an expensive camera. The extra money gets you improved image quality and more control over how the picture will look.
A camera is a box with a hole in it. You can make one -- called a "pinhole camera" -- using a shoe box with a window of transparent paper on one side and a small hole in the opposite side. Adding more controls, mainly to do with the lens, produces different types of cameras.
· Types
Disposable Camera
These one-time use cameras are easy to carry and take surprisingly good shots. They are great for people shots at parties. You can even get "underwater" cameras, for scuba diving or at a sandy beach.
Compact "Point-and-Shoot" Camera
Perfect for snapshots. I like a small, pocket-sized camera with a flash (for people's faces), a self-timer (to include myself in the shot), a wide-angle lens (28mm-equivalent for impact), and a panoramic mode (looks cool!). Most people seem to like a big, zoom lens, but I don't as I prefer "wide" shots over "tight" shots, and a bigger lens increases the size and weight of the camera.
SLR
This is the choice of semi-pro and professional travel photographers. The Single Lens Reflex feature -- which allows the viewfinder to look through the main lens instead of its own fixed lens -- allows you to remove and replace the lens. Interchangeable lenses give you more creative control of your shot. You can make a super-wide shot with a 'short' lens, or enlarge a very distant object with a 'long' lens. My favorite lens sizes are 28, 35, 50, 135, and 300mm. You can also control the aperture (the size of the hole) which allows you to decide what is, and what is not, in focus. The downside to the SLR is that you now have more equipment to buy and carry.
Medium- and Large-Format
These are big film cameras -- their size allows you to use larger film, producing a higher quality/resolution image. The equipment is large and heavy and, therefore, inconvenient for basic travel purposes.
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